The ideal legislator in this study is one who upholds propriety, ethics, and the principles of legislation.This study examines the ethical foundations of legislation through Imām al-Shāṭibī’s theory of Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. By emphasizing the five objectives—preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and property—al-Shāṭibī formulates a moral and rational framework that places legislation in service of the public good. His distinction between devotional acts and transactions, acceptance of analogy in rational matters, and differentiation between Meccan and Medinan revelations establish a dynamic balance between fixed and adaptable Sharīʿah principles. Grounded in the precedence of revelation over reason, al-Shāṭibī views lawmaking as an ethical process bound by divine limits and human welfare. This perspective offers valuable guidance for contemporary Islamic legislation amid technological, social, and moral challenges.

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