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Philosophical Thought

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Volume 5, Issue 2 (2025)                   3 2025, 5(2): 179-190 | Back to browse issues page

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‎ 10.58209/jpt.5.2.179

History

Received: 2025/03/11 | Accepted: 2025/04/18 | Published: 2025/05/16
How to cite this article
Mikaeili M, Jafari Valani A. Criticism of the Duality of Causality-Coincidence and the Solution to the Challenge Arising from it Based on Lewis's Idea of Possible Worlds. 3 2025; 5 (2) :179-190
URL: http://jpt.daneshafarand.org/article-6-79947-en.html
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Criticism of the Duality of Causality-Coincidence and the Solution to the Challenge Arising from it Based on Lewis's Idea of Possible Worlds
Authors M.J. Mikaeili *1 , A.A. Jafari Valani1
1- Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Theology, Shahid Motahari University, Tehran Iran
* Corresponding Author Address: Motahari High School and University, Allameh Sharif Razi Street, Mostafa Khomeini Street, Baharestan Square, Tehran, Iran. Postal Code: 1157613117 (mohamadjavadmikaeili@gmail.com)
Abstract   (1738 Views)
The duality of causality-coincidence is one of the important issues in the history of human thought. The theory of causality in Islamic philosophy was formed on the axis of essential possibility and, after passing from the elementary period, reached its peak in Allameh Tabataba'i. On the other hand, the theory of coincidence reached its pinnacle of development in David Hume. The parties to the dispute argue around this axis whether the preference of existence over non-existence in essences requires a preferred cause or not. Regardless of whether the aforementioned preference is due to a cause or chance, the more important question is whether the occurrence of the aforementioned preference in essence is possible or not. If this preference is impossible, the necessity of a third perspective and a departure from the aforementioned duality is established. This article aims to address the challenge as mentioned earlier and propose a solution based on Lewis's concept of possible worlds. Of course, this perspective has no connection to Lewis's causal perspective.
Keywords:
Causality, Coincidence, Possible Worlds, Essential Possibility, Allameh Tabataba'i, David Lewis
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