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fa شرح تحلیلی دیباچه‌ کتاب غروب بت‌ها An Analytical Commentary on the Preface of Twilight of the Idols Engaging with Nietzsche’s writings is notoriously difficult, owing to the absence of an explicit systematic framework alongside a distinctive internal coherence. This difficulty has often led interpreters toward two opposing and equally problematic approaches; some rely on abstract, repetitive generalizations that avoid sustained engagement with Nietzsche’s texts, and others adopt excessively fragmentary readings that lack any overarching sense of the structure and context of his thought. The present study seeks to mediate between these extremes by adopting a descriptive and hermeneutically sympathetic approach. It aims to preserve a coherent, relatively systematic perspective on Nietzsche’s philosophy while simultaneously enriching it through close textual analysis. The article focuses primarily on the preface to Twilight of the Idols, a work Nietzsche himself regarded as a manifesto of his philosophical project. Through a detailed, line-by-line analysis of this preface and the reconstruction of a semantic network of conceptually related terms, the study elucidates several of Nietzsche’s central concerns, including nihilism, the critique of culture, and the fundamentally polemical character of his philosophical language. References to other writings by Nietzsche, as well as to major commentators, complement this analysis and situate the discussion within a broader interpretive context. Nietzsche, Twilight of the Idols, Philosophy of Culture 91 107 http://jpt.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-9383&slc_lang=fa&sid=6 M. Maghouli محمد معقولی 1003194753284600380434 1003194753284600380434 Yes Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran گروه فلسفه، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران